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Background: COVID-19 is a disease with a varied expression, in terms of its clinical expression, its severity, and its duration. The persistence of symptoms during several weeks or months after the first episode has been reported in several studies. The objective of this survey was to identify the occurrence of post-COVID- 19 symptoms and its determinants in healthcare professionals of Sahloul Academic Hospital in Tunisia. Method(s): A cross-sectional survey was carried out among healthcare workers in Sahloul Academic Hospital in Tunisia for which a diagnosis of COVID-19 was made between September 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020. Data included socio-demographic, professional, and clinical features. Post-COVID symptoms were evaluated 6 months after infection. Result(s): A total of 188/279 affected healthcare workers had participated in our study. The mean age was 41 years and the sex ratio was 0.34. Paramedical staff represented 63.2% of the population. 22.8% were working in the emergency and intensive care units. A previous medical history was reported by 45.2% of patients. The initial symptoms were asthenia (65.4%), headaches (52.9%), and fever (39.4%). Five cases required hospitalisation. Persistent symptoms 6 months after the infection were reported by 67.6% of the staff. The most commonly reported symptoms were asthenia (25%), shortness of breath (24.5%), arthromyalgia (16%), and chest pain (13.3%). The occurrence of post COVID19 symptoms was correlated with female gender (p = 0.018) and initial symptomatic form (p = 0.043). Conclusion(s): The post-COVID- 19 syndrome was common in the population studied. The poly-symptomatic and fluctuating nature of its clinical manifestations raises questions and concerns for patients and clinicians.
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Background: Covid-19 was fulminant and had a rapid spread in China and many other areas around the globe. This is a life threatening problem at present as it causes the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus (SARS-CoV). Aim(s): To explore the diagnostic value of hematological parameters in COVID-19 patients. Study Design: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study. Methodology: Patients (n=200) having COVID-19 were enrolled. All patients had CBC and inflammatory markers. Various hematological markers were used as prognostic markers. SPSS software, v 23 analyzed data. Independent t-test and Chi square were applied and p value of <0.05 was taken significant. Result(s): Mean age for patients having COVID was 47+/- 15.48 years. Mean values of hematological parameters and platelet count were significantly low among COVID patients when compared with non-COVID patients thus having significant difference. Practical Implication: This study highlighted simple, cost-effective hematological parameters that can be useful diagnostic tools for COVI-19. This study indicated that routine tests can guide towards disease like COVID-19. Conclusion(s): We concluded that hematological parameters (TLC, ANC, AMC, NLR and platelet count) play a vital role as diagnostic tool for COVID-19 patients. Copyright © 2022 Lahore Medical And Dental College. All rights reserved.
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Background: Despite its widespread usage, invasive positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) has a dismal track record in COVID-19 patients with SARDS. Currently, there is a paucity of evidence supporting the usefulness of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in the treatment of severe ARDS, as well as a significant risk of aerosol formation in patients with COVID-19 infection. Objective(s): This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of NIPPV administration to COVID-19 patients. Method(s): The trial included 130 participants with moderate tosevere ARDS based to the Berlin criteria (PaO2/FiO2 ratio of 200mmHg, GCS > 13, respiratory breathing index (RBI) of 105, and no systemic issues). They were treated with NIPPV with awake proaning up to 12 hours per day at a hospital in Muzaffarabad. The addition of a heat and moisture exchanger (HME) and viral/bacterial filters to the expiratory limb of the ventilator circuit represented a minor improvement. Result(s): In an average of six days, the PaO2/FiO2 ratio indicates that the severity of ARDS has improved from moderate/severe to mild in 64 percent of patients. 36 percent of individuals who had a defined airway experienced IPPV or failure of NIV. During the study period, 1 % the of healthcare workers (HCW) were infected with COVID19. The delivery of NIPPV was associated with claustrophobia, nasal crusting, aspiration, and barotrauma (0.7 percent). Conclusion(s): In selected patients, NIV with awake proaning up to 12 hours per day can be employed to give respiratory support without the need for IPPV, hence eliminating the need for IPPV in those patients. However, larger-scale investigations are required to validate our findings. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
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Background: Nowadays there is a global crises due to the emergence and spread of corona virus (CoV-19). This is a life threatening problem at present as it causes the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus (SARS-CoV). Aim(s): To explore the value of changes in routine hematological parameters for prediction of COVID-19 disease severity among admitted patients. Study design: Experimental study. Methodology: Patients (n=222) having COVID-19 were enrolled. They were divided into two groups depending on the severity of disease. They were admitted into ITC and non-ITC. All patients underwent CBC and inflammatory markers. Various hematological markers were used as prognostic markers. Independent t-test and Chi square were applied and p value of <0.05 was taken significant. Result(s): Mean age for ITC patients was 49.40+/-16.26 while the mean age for patients with mild disease was 40.88+/-15.48. NLR was significantly increased in ITC patients (p value<0.0001). Among biochemical parameters, serum ferritin, CRP and LDH were significantly increased in patients with severe disease (p value<0.001). D-Dimers were elevated in 68.75% patients of group-A and 17% patients in group-B with p-value<0.0001. Conclusion(s): We concluded that NLR and d-Dimers are the best hematology parameters in order to predict severity of disease. Copyright © 2022 Lahore Medical And Dental College. All rights reserved.
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Objective: To find out the role of emotional exhaustion as mediation in the association of cognitive reappraisal and mental health problems in female university teachers in COVID-19. Methodology: A correlational research design was utilized to get participants from different government and private universities of Lahore. Participants of this study were 100 university teachers having the ages of 25 to 60 years. Participants were selected using purposive sampling technique. Scales of Cognitive Reappraisal, Emotional Exhaustion, and Psychosocial Reactions of COVID-19 were utilized to get the data from the participants. Results: Findings of correlation analysis suggested interrelatedness of cognitive reappraisal, emotional exhaus-tion, and mental health problems. Additionally, mediation analysis suggested the significant mediating role of emotional exhaustion in the association of cognitive reappraisal and mental health issues. Conclusion: By identifying the risk and protective factors of mental health problems of working women at early stages, we can prevent them from adverse consequences of these issues.
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Computer Vision and Deep Learning have been widely used to automatically detect and analyze many diseases in various fields. Some of these include tumor detection, diabetic retinopathy classification, automatic prostate segmentation, nodules classification, etc. In this work, we are investigating the application of computer vision and deep learning techniques in COVID-19 detection from X-ray images. The general purpose was to offer an aided diagnosis system to assist radiologists in COVID-19 detection or to present a preliminary assessment when a radiologist is not immediately available. To address the problem of dependence on training data, and given the nature of the task, we opted for a double evaluation of the developed models. The proposed system appears promising for the diagnosis of COVID19, showing potential results in two different datasets. © 2022 IEEE.
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The economic recession in Indonesia at 2020 as impact of the Covid-19 outbreak has affected human life in all aspects. Firms must survive in carrying out their economic activities, including in managing working capital. It is important for managers to manage the use of their funds, especially in times of crisis. This study aims to determine how important role of working capital management (WCM) affects the performance of manufacturing firms in Indonesia. The research will also analyze whether financial constraints have an effect on improving WCM and company performance. WCM is measured by NTS, firm performance is measured by ROE, and financial constraint is measured by cash flow. This study also use variable control it is Size, Lev, CR, AT and Age. All data all data is processed using panel data regression through Eviews software. Sample in this study are manufacturing firms in Indonesia that listed in IDX between 2018-2020. The results show that working capital management has a significant positive effect on the performance of manufacturing firms in Indonesia. For financial constraints it is partially affect the company's performance significantly negative, meanwhile financial constraints negatively moderate the relationship between working capital management and company performance, but not significant. The results of this study could be a useful information for companies to make decisions in managing the company's working capital, especially facing the crisis amid the Covid-19 pandemic. © 2022, SRAC - Romanian Society for Quality. All rights reserved.
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BACKGROUND The recovery after prolonged immobilization during hospitalization because of COVID-19 is the primary goal of moderate to severe COVID-19 rehabilitation. Lower extremity muscle function assessment after immobilization is needed before starting mobilization. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the modified 30-second sit-to-stand test (m30STS) as one of the prospective tools of functional capacity assessment in moderate COVID-19. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited the subjects consecutively. All eligible subjects with oxygen saturation (SaO2 ) ≥95% with or without oxygen supplementation performed the m30STS following the Bohannon’s guidelines. The score of m30STS was calculated based on the number of stands completed within 30 sec. A higher score of the m30STS indicated better lower extremity function. RESULTS Mean score of m30STS was 13.3. No subjects had oxygen desaturation or increased heart rate, and no fall incidents occurred. CONCLUSIONS The m30STS is feasible and safe to evaluate lower extremity for moderate COVID-19 patients with SaO2 >95%. The absence of oxygen desaturation and increase in heart rate showed no increased oxygen consumption during the test.
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The global threat of the COVID-19 pandemic has exceeded the limits of logic, province, concept, and spirituality. The COVID-19 has, along with its high rate of infection and mortality, induced the psychosocial effect of mass hysteria, economic burden and financial losses in universal terms. It has not only taken the lives of millions of people but has tipped billions into poverty by taking away their livelihoods. Fortunately, the time of this pandemic collided with the Internet of Things (IoT) revolution. By having the ability to blend the aspects of technology, economy and people's requirements together, IoT can help in cushioning the drastic impact of Covid-19 on peoples' psyche. This paper has been written to identify this impact. It also proposes an IoT based solution to stabilize the patients suffering from covid-19-induced post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety. © 2021 IEEE.
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BACKGROUND: Pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are at increased risk for severe illness compared with nonpregnant women. Data to assess risk factors for illness severity among pregnant women with COVID-19 are limited. This study aimed to determine risk factors associated with COVID-19 illness severity among pregnant women with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. METHODS: Pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by molecular testing were reported during 29 March 2020-5 March 2021 through the Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network (SET-NET). Criteria for illness severity (asymptomatic, mild, moderate-to-severe, or critical) were adapted from National Institutes of Health and World Health Organization criteria. Crude and adjusted risk ratios for moderate-to-severe or critical COVID-19 illness were calculated for selected demographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS: Among 7950 pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection, moderate-to-severe or critical COVID-19 illness was associated with age 25 years and older, healthcare occupation, prepregnancy obesity, chronic lung disease, chronic hypertension, and pregestational diabetes mellitus. Risk of moderate-to-severe or critical illness increased with the number of underlying medical or pregnancy-related conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Older age and having underlying medical conditions were associated with increased risk of moderate-to-severe or critical COVID-19 illness among pregnant women. This information might help pregnant women understand their risk for moderate-to-severe or critical COVID-19 illness and can inform targeted public health messaging.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Mothers , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , Pregnant Women , Risk Factors , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
The impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) disease has been reported for different countries. Males are at high risk of death due to COVID-19 as compared to females. There is no data available for Pakistan, the South Asian region. We are therefore undertaking this analysis to determine the gender effect on the outcomes of COVID-19 in the South Asian nation of Pakistan. An online survey was performed across Pakistan (Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Balochistan) and national figures from the Pakistani government. In total, N = 113 individuals were included (92 males and 21 females). The descriptive statistics, association tests, and Pie chart indicate that males are more impacted by COVID-19 as compared to females. The doctor’s response indicates that 81.4% of males and 18.6% females are COVID-19 effective in Pakistan. Information from Pakistani national government statistics indicates that the number of male cases are 78%. Therefore, from the entire studies, we can infer that COVID-19 attacks more on males rather than females in the South Asian nation Pakistan. However, more quantitative studies are recommended to measure the extent to which sex would result in COVID-19 outcomes among Pakistan’s South Asian countries. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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BackgroundPregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are at increased risk for severe illness compared with nonpregnant women. Data to assess risk factors for illness severity among pregnant women with COVID-19 are limited. This study aimed to determine risk factors associated with COVID-19 illness severity among pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection. MethodsPregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by molecular testing were reported during March 29, 2020-January 8, 2021 through the Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network (SET-NET). Criteria for illness severity (asymptomatic, mild, moderate-to-severe, or critical) were adapted from National Institutes of Health and World Health Organization criteria. Crude and adjusted risk ratios for moderate-to-severe or critical COVID-19 illness were calculated for selected demographic and clinical characteristics. ResultsAmong 5,963 pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection, moderate-to-severe or critical COVID-19 illness was associated with age 30-39 years, Black/Non-Hispanic race/ethnicity, healthcare occupation, pre-pregnancy obesity, chronic lung disease, chronic hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and pregestational diabetes mellitus. Risk of moderate-to-severe or critical illness increased with the number of underlying medical or pregnancy-related conditions. ConclusionsPregnant women with moderate-to-severe or critical COVID-19 illness were more likely to be older and have underlying medical conditions compared to pregnant women with asymptomatic infection or mild COVID-19 illness. This information might help pregnant women understand their risk for moderate-to-severe or critical COVID-19 illness and inform targeted public health messaging. SummaryAmong pregnant women with COVID-19, older age and underlying medical conditions were risk factors for increased illness severity. These findings can be used to inform pregnant women about their risk for severe COVID-19 illness and public health messaging.
Subject(s)
COVID-19ABSTRACT
The rapid pace of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19) pandemic presents challenges to the real-time collection of population-scale data to inform near-term public health needs as well as future investigations. We established the COronavirus Pandemic Epidemiology (COPE) consortium to address this unprecedented crisis on behalf of the epidemiology research community. As a central component of this initiative, we have developed a COVID Symptom Study (previously known as the COVID Symptom Tracker) mobile application as a common data collection tool for epidemiologic cohort studies with active study participants. This mobile application collects information on risk factors, daily symptoms, and outcomes through a user-friendly interface that minimizes participant burden. Combined with our efforts within the general population, data collected from nearly 3 million participants in the United States and United Kingdom are being used to address critical needs in the emergency response, including identifying potential hot spots of disease and clinically actionable risk factors. The linkage of symptom data collected in the app with information and biospecimens already collected in epidemiology cohorts will position us to address key questions related to diet, lifestyle, environmental, and socioeconomic factors on susceptibility to COVID-19, clinical outcomes related to infection, and long-term physical, mental health, and financial sequalae. We call upon additional epidemiology cohorts to join this collective effort to strengthen our impact on the current health crisis and generate a new model for a collaborative and nimble research infrastructure that will lead to more rapid translation of our work for the betterment of public health.